The operating systems of CNC lathes are diverse. According to their development history, structural characteristics and technical level, they can be summarized as follows:
1. Traditional dedicated CNC system
Features: The hardware of this system is usually developed by CNC system manufacturers and has strong specialization. Through long-term use, its quality and function are stable and reliable, and it still occupies most of the manufacturing market.
Application: In the early stage of the development of CNC lathes, this dedicated CNC system was widely used due to its stability and reliability.
2. PC embedded in an open CNC system with NC structure
Features: Compared with the traditional dedicated CNC system, this CNC system has a certain degree of openness and powerful functions in structure, but the system's software and hardware structure is very complex and the price is very expensive.
Application: With the development of computer technology, this open CNC system has begun to be used in some CNC lathes with higher performance requirements.
3. NC embedded in an open CNC system with PC structure
Composition: The hardware of this CNC system consists of an open motion control card and a PC. The motion control card generally uses a high-speed DSP as the CPU, which has strong motion control and PLC control capabilities.
Advantages: It combines the advantages of NC and PC, with higher flexibility and scalability.
4. Full-software open CNC system
Features: This is the latest open CNC system. All CNC functions, including interpolation and position control, are completed by computer software.
Development: With the continuous advancement of software technology, this full-software open CNC system is more and more widely used in CNC lathes.
5. Overview of CNC systems commonly used in domestic CNC machine tools
Core: CNC systems commonly used in domestic CNC machine tools generally include core components such as central processing unit CPU, memory (ROM/RAM), input and output devices (I/O), operation panel, display and keyboard.
Workflow: Usually includes input, decoding, feed speed processing, tool compensation, interpolation, position control, I/O processing and other steps.
Brand and performance: At present, domestic economical CNC systems are relatively stable, but in terms of high-end CNC systems, there is still a certain gap compared with foreign products. However, with the continuous advancement of domestic technology, this gap is gradually narrowing.
6. Specific CNC system examples
Lathe CNC system: It consists of a CNC unit, a stepper servo drive unit and a deceleration stepper motor. The CNC unit uses a single-chip microcomputer as the control core. By receiving and processing the input processing program data, it sends a pulse signal to drive the stepper motor to realize the automatic control of the machine tool.
FANUC Oi CNC system: Taking the FANUC Oi CNC system as an example, its panel contains various function keys for realizing various operations of CNC lathes. The system has the characteristics of high efficiency and high precision, and can process various rotating parts.
In summary, there are many types of CNC lathe operating systems, each with its own characteristics and applicable scenarios. When choosing, it is necessary to make comprehensive considerations based on specific processing requirements, budget and technical level.
