Vertical CNC lathe is a set of modern computer technology, automatic control technology and precision machinery manufacturing in one of the efficient, precision machining equipment, widely used in automotive, aerospace, precision instruments, mold manufacturing and other fields, for processing a variety of complex rotary parts. Its processing methods are rich and diverse, and the following will introduce the main processing methods and characteristics of vertical CNC lathes in detail:
First, turning processing
Turning is the most basic and widely used machining method of vertical CNC lathes. In the process of turning, the workpiece is fixed on the spindle of the machine tool to rotate at high speed, and the turning tool moves along a predetermined path relative to the workpiece. By adjusting the Angle, cutting depth and feed speed of the tool, it can realize the precision machining of various rotating features such as inside and outside cylinder, cone, step shaft, thread and end face. Turning also includes the following subdivisions:
1. Rough turning: quickly remove a large amount of allowance to provide a suitable surface roughness and dimensional tolerance basis for subsequent finishing.
2. Fine turning: It is carried out on the basis of rough turning to obtain higher dimensional accuracy and surface finish, and meet the final size and surface quality required by the drawing.
3. Copying turning: cutting according to the complex contour curve of the workpiece is controlled by the CNC system, which is suitable for the processing of non-circular section or special shape parts.
4. Thread turning: The use of special thread turning tools, according to the thread parameters (such as pitch, lead, tooth Angle, etc.) precision helix cutting, processing internal and external threads.
Second, hole processing
A range of hole processing operations can be performed on vertical CNC lathes, including:
1. Drilling: Use twist drill to directly drill through or blind holes of the required diameter on the workpiece.
2. Reaming: Use the reaming drill to expand the drilled aperture to the specified size, improve the hole processing accuracy and surface quality.
3. Reaming: Use reamer to finish pre-drilled holes for higher precision cylindrical holes and better surface finish.
4. Boring: for large diameter or deep holes, the boring tool can be used for boring processing, especially for the workpiece installed on the spindle for internal hole size correction or finishing.
Third, grooving and cutting
1. Grooving: grooves of specific width and depth are cut out on the outer circle, end face or inner hole wall of the workpiece, such as keyways, oil grooves, etc., for assembly or functional requirements.
2. Cut off: Through the turning tool along the workpiece axial feed, one time or step by step to cut off the excess material, the workpiece cut into the required length.
Fourth, non-traditional processing
In addition to traditional machining, vertical CNC lathes can also perform some non-traditional machining operations:
1. Knurling: Use knurling knife to roll out continuous patterns or mesh on the surface of the workpiece to enhance anti-slip performance or aesthetic effect.
2. Grinding: Some high-end vertical CNC lathes are equipped with grinding function, which can carry out ultra-precision surface treatment of the workpiece through the grinding wheel that the cemented carbide tool cannot achieve.
Fifth, composite processing
Modern vertical CNC lathes often have the function of turning and milling, and can complete a variety of processing such as turning and milling in a single clip:
1. Perimeter milling: The use of the milling cutter installed on the spindle of the machine tool for peripheral milling, processing planes, grooves or specific profiles.
2. End milling: The use of face milling cutter for the workpiece face milling, to achieve a large area of surface processing or rapid removal of the step surface.
In summary, with its high degree of automation, flexibility and precision, vertical CNC lathes can use a variety of processing methods for efficient and accurate parts manufacturing, greatly shorten the production cycle, improve product quality, and adapt to the modern manufacturing industry's strict requirements for efficient, precise and mass production of complex parts.
